【摘要】目的了解上颌第一双尖牙牙根及根管形态，为临床治疗提供解剖学依据，提高根管治疗的效果。方法收集208颗离体牙，按性别统计分析牙根形态;采用透明牙标本观察法观察分析根管形态。结果牙根形态及数目存在性别明显差异;上颌一双尖牙的根分叉位置和数目存在性别差异;上颌第一双尖牙的牙根在形态和数目上存在复杂变化。结论 上颌第一双尖牙牙根形态多样并有显着性别差异而且根管形态类型复杂，充分了解其牙根及根管解剖形态对提高根管预备效果，减少根管遗漏及避免拔牙断根有重要意义。
【关键词】 上颌第一双尖牙;根管形态;透明牙观察法
[Abstract] Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the root canal system of maxillary first premolar.Methods Maxillary first premolars extracted were studied by observation directly, radiographs, and transparent specimen methods.Results There were difference of 3 root types in maxillary first premolars between male and female groups. The difference of 3 bifurcated locations in maxillary first premolars had bifurcated roots between male and female groups.Conclusion The root canal system of maxillary first premolars were very complex, and must be paid attention to our clinical practice.
[Key words] maxillary first premolar; root cannal system; transparent dental observation
上颌第一双尖牙是双尖牙中体积最大者，有复杂的牙根及根管解剖形态，给临床治疗带来一定的麻烦和失败率。笔者收集大量离体上颌第一双尖牙，按性别分组观察牙根形态，并利用透明牙技术对该牙根管类型进行观察, 探讨分析其牙根及根管形态的解剖特点，为提高临床治疗效果提供解剖学依据。
1 材料与方法
1.1 离体牙的收集
收集上颌第一双尖牙，要求牙体基本完整，牙根无病变、无根折, 牙冠无深龋, 髓腔
